Neutralization Titration using a Strong Acid and Weak Base Essay

What mass of sodium carbonate is needed to make 250cm3 of a 0.0500 breakwater dm-3 response? What is the submerging of the Hydrochloric back breaker of 0.108 mols? This examine involves the making of a standard sodium carbonate solution and using the exact concentration of this solution to find the sinless concentration of an approximately 0.1mol Hydrochloric deadly solution using an indicator (Methyl Orange). We give be using the same amount of indicator and atomic number 11 Hydroxide solution for this experiment each time it is repeated to minimize any misunderstandings that may occur. It is expected that through this experiment we leave alone observe a coloring material change of the indicator from the Alkaline yellow, to a strong orange colored solution. We result be measuring the amount of Hydrochloric acid that is required each time this experiment is repeated to determine the concentration of the Hydrochloric acid.VariablesDependent variable1. The dependent variab le would be the Hydrochloric acid as the amount used will depend on the experimenters actionsIndependent variable1. the control variable is the experimenters eye and judgmentControl Variables1. the volume of atomic number 11 Carbonate in each titration2. the mole of the Hydrochloric acid used3. the mole of the Sodium carbonate solution used4. the indicator used (Methyl Orange)Materials and EquipmentPart A1. Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate (NaCO3)2. Deionized urine3. 100 cm3 Beaker4. 250 cm3 Volumetric Flask with stopper5. Small FunnelPart B1. Volumetric flask of 250 cm3 NaCO3 from part A2. 20.00 cm3 pipette3. Methyl orange indicator4. 50 cm3 Burette5. Small Beaker6. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)7. 100 cm3 Conical flask(s)DiagramMethodPart A1. An amount of about 1.325g of anhydrous sodium carbonate was weighed and its mass recorded2. The anhydrous sodium carbonate was then dissolved in a small amount of deionized water and was transferred to a 250 cm3 volumetric flask using a small funnel.3 . Using small amounts of deionized water, any residual sodium carbonate solution was washed into the flask. This was do three times.4. Additional deionized water was added to a third of the volumetric flask and the stopped was applied and the flask was shaken to dissolve any remaining anhydrous sodium hydroxide solution.5. An additional 100 cm3 of deionized water was added and was mixed thoroughly6. The flask was then filled with deionized water up to the 250 cm3 markPart B1. The 20 cm3 pipette was rinsed with sodium carbonate solution from part A. then 20.00 cm3 of sodium carbonate solution was transferred through the pipette into a 100 cm3 conic flask2. 2 drops of methyl orange indicator was added to the conical flask3. The 50 cm3 Burette was rinsed with approximately 0.1 mol hydrochloric solution then was filled with hydrochloric acid4. The initial burette knowledge was recorded to the nearest 0.02 cm35. Hydrochloric acid was titrated against the indicated sodium carbonate solu tion until a color change from yellow to orange occurs. The final examination burette reading was recorded to the nearest 0.02 cm36. This experiment was identically repeated until three concordant results were obtainedSafety1. A lab coat must be worn when performing this experiment to reduce exposure to any chemical splashesData CollectionConcentration of HCl solution = 0.108 moldm3Uncertainties1. Burette 0.022. Pipette 0.063. plate 0.0014. Titre 0.04Amount of Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate weighed = 1.325 0.001Amount of Sodium Carbonate solution used = 20 cm3Physical observationsPart A1. When the anhydrous sodium carbonate was mixed with the deionized water, we saw no color change in the water and the sodium carbonate dissolved completelyPart B1. The sodium carbonate solution was clear, when the indicator was added it became a strong yellow color2. When the hydrochloric acid was added the color slowly changed from yellow to an apricot-like orange3. When access Hydrochloric acid was ad ded, the solution turned pinData ProcessingThe total amount of HCl used was 159.74 cm3 0.32cm3The average volume of Hydrochloric acid used is calculated as0.32cm3 payable to the observance of a wide spread area of results, I take selected three close results to be more accurate in my calculations. I puddle selected the spunkylighted pieces of data from figure 1The revised average is0.12 cm3To convert this to dm3 we divide by 1000, = 0.01846 dm3To calculate the moles I will use the formula=0.0125 molsI will find the concentration of sodium carbonate=0.05 mol dm-3Knowing that this equation is a one to one ratio I can assume that 0.05 mol of sodium carbonate will react with the same number of mols of HCl.The HCl titre of NaCO3 will be calculated usingdm3I will multiply this by 2 as for every sodium carbonate molecule reacted, I will have 2 Hydrochloric acid molecules. This will give me the moles of HClTo find the concentration I will use the formulaThe contribution difference is ca lculated asThe total hesitation in the whole of Part A and B isScale x1selected pipette x3Titre x3The percentage uncertainty of each piece of equipment isScalePipetteTitreTotal percentage uncertainty isThe absolute uncertainty for the concentration is-3ConclusionThe aim of the experiment is to calculate the unknown concentration of HCl through titration using a strong-acid and a weak-base. The calculated result for the concentration of the HCl is 0.149 0.010 mols dm-3. This experiment works on the theory that when the correct amount of acid is added to a base to neutralize it, the pH will be equal to 7, and a color change will occur with an indicator. The percentage difference between my results and the expected results (given by the teacher) is 0.00%.EvaluationIn order to decrease any possible error, we have repeated the experiment 8 times in total. Through calculations, we have found that it was the scale that gave us the highest error percentage, thus causing a high overall unce rtainty. Any error that may have been caused when we were transferring the sodium carbonate to the conical flask, as a too much or too wee amount may have been taken causing the results to fluctuate. Another reason that there may have been an inaccuracy could have been because of human error in reading the scale wrong, for example reading above the meniscus instead of below it. Parallax error is also a possibility this would cause the calculations and results to fluctuate. Systematic errors such as not zeroing the scale correctly could lead to significant fluctuations in the measurements, or slight inaccuracies to a more accurate reading. However, in this case, there was no percentage error in the results.Improving the experimentAlthough the results had 0% error, the experiment could be further improved my using a more accurate and reliable sort to measure the volume of the HCl that was released by using possibly an electronic measuring device that would be more accurate in readin g the scale. The random error can be minimized by performing the experiment a larger amount of times and selecting the best results to average. Another way to improve the experiment, would be to use an electronic magnetic stirrer to stir the substance whilst the titration is occurring to gain a more accurate time for stopping as the reaction will occur much faster due to the continuous constant motion of the stirrer.The best way to fix this type of error is to obtain more accurate scales to measure the substances. Or to have a data logger, with a pH probe to gain accurate readings for the neutralization.

A Uniformed Education Essay

Even though it is believed that learners need to make life decisions based on their own standards, instead of the procedures and guidelines set for them, and that this is vit ally critical for them as they grow into adults. Uniforms ar a ripe idea as it causes disciples to focus on their academics and learning rather than on current fashions or what the nigh student is wearing, in any case to heed themselves, their instructors and each other. Students be more likely to feel gumshoe in prep ars with reproducibles and they are also more inclined to attend classes and perform break out academically. Faculty genus Phalluss in an research believed that uniforms increased the learning mode by reassuring morality amongst students, augmenting the communication between teachers and students and bettering the administration of discipline. many a nonher(prenominal) direct authoritatives agree that wearing uniforms helps decrease bullying and student detachment, and many educ ators are convinced that condition uniforms increase students force to thrive in the classroom.As Huss (2007) states, civilise uniforms are tangible they are seen as a concrete and visible means of restoring order to the classrooms. Uniforms cause change in appearance and movement eyepatch in class. First, students are more likely to feel safe in give instructions with uniforms and they are also more inclined to attend classes and perform better academically. Students perform better academically when they feel safe and are not threatened in school. There has been a lot of scrutiny concerning school safety, collectible to the increased activity and violence of gangs in schools. After taking note of these actions (increased violence and gang presence) officials are always considering ways to establish the security of the students and the faculty. King (1998) states, Those who fear for their safety in school or on the way to school may not learn effectively, and they may turn t o truancy as a viable alternative to facing daily threats of violence. indoctrinate safety, amore disciplined student and student learning is believed to be the outcome if school uniforms would be enforced.Wearing school uniforms helps a school demarcation the wearing of gang colors, theft and school violence. Enforcing school uniforms should be pullulaten seriously considering the ability of them making a student feel secure and safe to learn. When uniforms are required and worn it makes it slatternly to identify those that are not from the school or that are actually out of uniform by wearing regular street clothes. Students from schools where uniforms were required reported they did feel more safe and compelled to be pertain more round their education and succeeding in the classroom than to have to identify who was a member or which gang from daylight to day. King (1998) states, Approximately one in four students reports worrying about becoming a victim of crimes or threat s at school, and one in eight reports having been victimized at school. The wearing of school uniforms should be expected in all schools and not just targeted areas this would increase the sure benefit of wearing uniforms in our education system. Creating a system where uniforms are worn in all schools would limit the thought of a school that actually has a uniform policy in channelize as being considered a bad school or unsafe to send a child.Uniforms should not be associated with a schools safety and or truancy problems. The safety of our children should be a priority either day. Additionally, teachers in a study believed uniforms enriched the schooling climate by stimulating morality amidst students, augmenting the fundamental moveions between the teachers and students and bettering control. Similarly, of the 5,500 principals surveyed as attendees of the National Association of Secondary School Principals annual conference in February 1996, more than 7-% believed that requiri ng students to wear uniforms to school would reduce violent incidents and discipline problems. Moreover, greater than 80% of Long Beach Telegram readers supported uniforms. (King 1998)A school reported the effects of wearing uniforms and in the first year alone crime lessen by 36%, sex offenses by74% and physical fights among students by 51%. (King 1998) Students have shown to hold at a higher standard when in uniform and it also has been reported to have an effect on the interaction between a teacher and student. When in uniform students stylusisms are different and they carry themselves in a higher regard. It is believed that both the students and teachers operate based on the way they are dressed. A schoolofficial has been quoted as saying Students here understand why they are in school Students work unattackable to complete their assignments and Students in this school have fun merely also work hard on their studies. (Murray, R. K. 1997) This in no way means that all stude nts will act accordingly and excel academically, but it would assist in creating an environment where both students and teachers were appreciative of their school and more considerate to each other. It is believed that teachers interact differently with students when they are clothed in a more uniformed manner. Students have also been famous as having better mannerism and more care in how they handle each other as well as the faculty.Finally, the most important reason uniforms are a good idea as it causes students to focus on their academics rather than on the latest fashions because wearing uniforms helps students to get into learning mode and reminds them to respect themselves, their instructors and each other. (Wade, K. & Stafford, M. 2003) The administrators instantly point out that normally acquire school uniforms for a school year can cost between $80 and $90 per child, this cost is lower than what parents would spend when having to buy the condition clothing that a studen t desires. So, a student and parent would be better off purchasing uniforms financially which is looked at as a bonus in these economic times. Students in a school that requires uniforms are less likely to feel or receive peer pressure because of their lack of the designer clothing that other families may be able to afford. In a climate where uniforms are mandate your familys financial situation is not noticeable thus making it a more promiscuous learning environment. A parent was quoted saying, I know I spent less money and undeniable far fewer items of clothing for my children when they wore school uniforms. (Walmsley, A. 2011)This also lessen the occurrence of the morning fights between parents and students as to what to wear for the day the selection is simple and minimal at the same time. At this age youths are at the point of attempt to find their own individuality and ideas of what suits them clothes wise be it loose-fitting or tight jeans, cartooned t-shirts, and politic al clothing. Getting away from wearing those types of clothing and requiring a uniform causes the student to not focus on what someone is wearing but instead their schooling and academics which is way more important. Fashion should take a backseat when it comes to your education. A youths individuality can be express in other ways if shownand at the same time there should be limits set on the possibilities of accessories worn with the uniforms. Students have been intensely wounded and or killed for their designer shoes, clothing and accessories. School uniforms are believed to kink down on these occurrences.Being dressed in a different manner has been shown to cause a different reaction in class and in a students day to day life. School climate has been shown to be related to student achievement as well as how students behave and feel about themselves, their school, and other individuals. Furthermore, positive school climate has been identified as a characteristic of an effective school. Given the significant impact of school climate on student achievement, practitioners should consider these rising findings when considering implementing a school uniform policy as a means of improving school climate and student behavior. (Murray, R. K. 1997) Requiring uniforms in schools changes the climate and the reaction to learning significantly. Walmsley (2011) states, Because students dress in uniforms, theyre reminded that their production line is to be a student. A uniform causes a different behavior and creates such a reaction in the students that their attitudes change automatically.On some occasions students have even decided to opt out of the eld allowed for street clothes after they have experienced a school uniform environment. When dressed in street clothes students tend to behave in a manner of play and not take their education as serious. Just as stated before when in uniform theyre reminded that their job is to be a student, its presenting them with the idea that during these hours you are expected to give your all and not limit yourself in anyway and behave in a more professional or sophisticated manner much like if they were going to an actual 9 5 job this behavior is expected from them. Indeed, while wearing a school uniform does not allow for self-expression some think that students should make choices in regards to life based on their own personal values instead of the precedent and governance elect for them and this is important for their own well-being and development as they continue to grow up. Anderson (2002) states, four basic reasons for promoting school uniforms 1) enhanced school safety, 2) improved learning climate, 3) higher self-esteem for students, and 4) less stress on the family.Uniforms are a good idea as it causes students to focus on their academics and learning rather than on latest fashions or what the next student is wearing becausewearing uniforms helps students get prepared and ready to learn and it rem inds them that trusted level of respect is required of them towards their instructors, themselves and the other students. The use and purchase of uniforms can also improve Schools should lead a safe environment for learning. Wearing uniforms could be considered a form of good discipline and create students to learn and adhere to rules. Calling for uniforms in schools can reduce violence and propel our students into a better category academically in the world as a whole. The wearing of a school uniform may not resolve all or any of the problems that occur day to day in our schools now but there are some other benefits to wearing them and those benefits should be taken into account. (Lester 106-12) With classrooms nowadays needing a more respect for teachers and each other wearing school uniforms can help with that. compliancy should be painless with uniforms being incorporated in our education system, as the guidelines are definite and straightforward.ReferencesAnderson, W. (200 2). School Dress Codes and Uniform Policies. Policy Report. Washington, D.C. Office of Educational Research and Improvement. ERIC document ED 471 528. Huss, J. A. (2007). The Role of School Uniforms in Creating an Academically Motivating Climate Do Uniforms Influence Teacher Expectations? Journal of Ethnographic & qualitative Research, 131-39. King, K.A. (1998, January). Should school uniforms be mandated in elementary school? Journal of School Health. p. 32. Murray, R. K. (1997). The Impact of School Uniforms on School Climate. NASSP Bulletin, 81(593), 106-12. Wade, K., & Stafford, M. E. (2003). Public School Uniforms Effect on Perceptions of Gangs Presence, School Climate, and Student Self-Perceptions. Education and Urban Society, 35 (4), 399-420. Walmsley, A. (2011). What the United Kingdom Can Teach the United States About School Uniforms. Phi Delta Kappan, 92(6), 63-66.

Comptetitive Advantage of Fiat

Also, rules of order has a control (almost 60% of the shares) over he known Ferreira which is a huge competitive advantage itself. Innovativeness Fiat is a real innovative brand, they can admit to industry changes very well. For example, their Alfa Romeo Mitt is a prototype of the brands future sport style based on an optimized power-to-weight ratio. Also, Fiat ICC with electrically controlled soft top is a very innovative car. Their innovative products enable Fiat to gain competitive advantage among its competitors and help Fiat to differentiate its products.Distribution Network Fiat has a very well organized distribution network spread around the whole world. Environmentalist Fiat is the innovate carmaker that has responded most effectively to the need to limit impact that transport has on the environment. Fiat is the drawing card brand for the production of compact cars, the most environment-friendly cars, like compressed 500. RD center of instantly managed to reduce emissi on too minimum percentage. All of those advantages are sustainable and well working.But Flat postulate to continue to Improve its quality. Flat cars were not considered as the best cars In the world. But since the early sasss, Flat Improved Its quality dramatically. Yet, Flat needs to continue to Improve Its quality If they want to be considered as a high quality car producer. If they can Increase their quality, their value would Increase as well. Since they substantiate control over legendary Ferreira and Mistreat, the luxury sports cars, Flat has the necessary assets to reach that prestigious status.

Becton Dickinson: World Wide Blood Collection Team Essay

task realisationBecton Dickinson a manufacturing political party, with operations ecumenic, and revenues of over $2.7 billion was founded in 1897, and had ten core businesses organized into two output sectors medical and diagnostic. Mainly US internal operation was beginning to give way to expanding international sales, warranting a separate category in europium. By 1970s, the telephoner was organized by business divisions centered in US and focusing on the largely domestic US mart, and an International sector. Since most revenues were earned from the domestic market, priority tended to be domestic, which frustrated managers in foreign countries who wanted to focus to a greater extent on the resources on their local market. Going international, break away said, transnational was the beginning of an evolving problem that Becton Dickinson would face in the upcoming years.Causes of ProblemBecton Dickinson and Company (BD) was a supplier of medical products and diagnostic syst ems to healthc ar professionals, the medical industry, hospitals and the general public which admit mostly medical gloves, hypodermic unavoidablenessles and intravenous catheters in the medical sector. Blood collection devices, automated systems to ascertain and identify bacteria and blood cell analysis systems were one of the few diagnostic products that Becton Dickinson produced. During the 1970s BDs managers did non really take the international market as serious as they should do. Orders were only processed, when the domestic ones were filled out and completed. Furthermore, the managers refusals to accept and consider modern product requests from abroad were a big flagellum to the come with. In 1980, BDs senior executives decided to take attempts to develop products and strategic ways to meet the worldwide demands of marketing needs for medical technologies. The competition did not sleep and started expanding into Europe, which began to be an an opposite(prenominal) thre at to Becton Dickinson not only for the international sector, unless also for the US market.Realizing this, BD started to build European Strategic Business Units (SBUs) that inform to the render in the US. Growing concerns about emphasis given to international sales,especially with European managers voices proper loud, concerns led to a study senior managements readiness to consider a new mental synthesis of BDs worldwide activities. A consulting firm offered two structural solutions The Worldwide Product variability and Europe as an Equal Partner, which was appealing as a way to ensure greater dedication of resources to Europe, but also threatening to duplicate efforts and costs, with the danger of diverse strategies slowly emerging in each division.After meeting with Harvard professor Christopher Bartlett and his colleague Sumantra Ghoshal The Transnational Solution was born in cooperation with the senior managers. The solution has three faces to it. The first was the chall enge faced by MNCs to simultaneously achieve globose efficiency, local responsiveness and worldwide innovation. The second was that these objectives needed an environment of international differentiation and asymmetry. Thirdly, they advised firms not to merely change formal reporting lines, but to focus on underlying cultures and values.A normal chain reaction was, that these circumstances affected how Becton Dickinson faced a challenge in implementing a structure that would overcome challenges posed by the growth of business outside of USA. Lack of clear vision and goals by previous management, a lack of clear articulation of the same to second line management and other employees d aver the chain of command are just some(a) of the few problems that BD had to solve.AlternativesChanges to the existing organizational structure. A change to the existing structure is urgently needed, so that theres a shift from a corporate mentality to an organization driven by Strategic Planning. Thi s would include meeting the need for a global collaboration and local flexibility that they so badly needed as a immobile growing multinational company. Managers and company itself were not prepared, which the case showed, and the lack of anticipation for the need of a fitting structure for a growing company then led to the issue, of quick fixes.This means that whenever managers in other parts of the world were discontent, only then did top management in the US would start to respond and make quick fixes to structural issues.Cooperation and commitment between top management, middle management and employees is another beta part of the change. With no cooperation, and divisions departure in different direction the company soon showed signs of urgent need for structural re-designing.Disadvantages to this re-designing could result in a complete departure from the existing task based matrix structure, while others wanted to retain the structure but with minimum changes. This could a s well lead to dissatisfaction deep down the managers and even employees. Secondly, another problem to restructuring is how well conflicts are managed or avoided all together as the company continues to have more divisions out of its central control.Open inquiry and Development plants in Europe and lacquer. With the more and more growing market in these two sectors, Becton and Dickinson should focus on creating R&D centers deep down these areas and not only in the US with organizations in non-US divisions. Kozys thoughts about the future should also include that the European sector is an immensely fast growing one. Within seven years the net parcel out sales increased by over a $100 million, whereas the US sector increased by only $80 million. Looking at the numbers, you can see that Europe is on the move. A Research and Development center in England, for example, would attend to produce local needs and act faster than going through the whole process of talks with US R&D depar tments and the European R&D organizations.Knowing that with Dufresne BD has a champion on its boat, he should be able to set up his own team of researchers, build a real Development center and take some things in his, better said, the European divisions hand. Japan not to exclude, which has also rising numbers and different marketing needs would also profit from an own R&D plant. Different needs require different solutions, therefore having the US as the only R&D plant, will not help the company nor its divisions. Even with regional R&D managers, like Dufresne, and R&D organizations outside the US, he until now does not have team to work and interact with on a day-to-day basis. This would also help to accelerate new product development and quality standards, while maintaining the current distribution systemsBudget restrains are a major disadvantage in BDs case. Total expenses are high in Europe and the numbers jumped in the years from 1985 1992 from ca. $10,000 to a high $31,000. The plant would not only bring excess costs, but land had to be bought, people would have to be hired, and machines would have to be purchased. Another minus aspect looking at a plant in Europe or Japan would be the loss of post that the US headquarters and R&D currently have. Becton Dickinsons US division still wants to have a certain power over its foreign ones. Therefore giving up the R&D department to a certain extent would not be everyones pet in the senior managements committee.Give Europe and Japan divisions more operating power. As for now, BDs European and Japanese divisions are quite under the control over the parental counselor and supervision of the US division. The evolution from this classic structure to a new transnational company is a very important part in the future of Becton Dickinson. Even with the introduction of World Blood army Team (WBCT), I think that a division in itself should have more power in deciding which products to introduce, which marketing st eps should be taken, etc. In the early 80s the Japan division suffered from not being heard upon on what is need in this division. BD lost small market share in that time.The WBCT illustrated in Exhibit 8(p. 385) illustrates the Strategic, the Operations and the marketing Team in spite of appearance the whole company including the whole World Blood Collection Team. In my eyes, a smaller group separated in regional divisions would help the success of the company. For example, they could combine the President BC Europe, the Director Manufacturing Europe and the Director of Marketing Europe in one group to run the regional division Europe. They would then have the power to decide which steps should be taken, what to manufacture and how and where to do the marketing.The negative aspect of this approach is that this king ply the path that WBCT and BD in general have taken up until now and again this alternative might run into problems and dissatisfaction with the headquarters. It cou ld also lead to complete separation of the diverse division from the headquarters mission and plans on where the company wants to go.Best AlternativeLooking at Becton Dickinsons past and the way they used to business, the surpass alternative would be the first one mentioned of the three. Changes to the existing organizational structure, which is also part of the third alternative, would be affecting the outcome the most. The way the company will be working, how the employees will be situated within the company and most importantly how the whole company will be structured, not just domestically, but in the transnational field, is what makes them more competitive.Implementation StepsIt would appear that the phenomenal growth of the business was an rivalry in the managers plans, but they did not make any efforts to construct a structure that would hold for a company whose operations were growing with big leaps. However, there is need to make some changes to the existing structure, s o that theres a shift from a corporate mentality to an organization driven by Strategic Planning. In order to make organizational learning, top management has to create a backbone of shared purpose and belonging for all divisions and individuals in the company.There is no better way to do it than to implement an organizational structure that allows and pushes free flow of information from division to division, and back to corporate headquarters without a feeling of restrictive set-ups. The main task of the top management is to shape behaviors of people and create an environment that enables them to take initiative and be more and more cooperative.Another important step is to restructure systems to reflect a willingness to accommodate different geographical and product needs. The old system was structured to suit an operation around the US, and was only slightly changed to accommodate European operations, which were still not considered equal by the US headquarters. Now with sales and operations fully developed outside of the US, it is wise to decentralize some decision-making centers so as toallow for innovation, local responsiveness and flexibility.

Courtly Love: Troilus and Criseyde Essay

civil realize it off was an idea that was based on a love that was some whiles illegitimate and chivalrous. Geoffrey Chaucer was an expert at portraying noble love in the Canterbury Tales and in Troilus and Criseyde. In Troilus and Criseyde it is to a greater extent focused since the story revolves more around the two characters while in the Canterbury Tales in that respect ar m each stories and they are about multiple topics. Like obliging love the story of Troilus and Criseyde originate in France, but Chaucer wrote his version somewhere amid 1381 and 1386.He took the liberty of changing the story some, but it is basically left intact. The story is about a Trojan prince, Troilus and the daughter of a Trojan priest, Criseyde and it incorporates place during the storied Trojan War. Courtly love is a romance that is forbidden in some way. numerous measure it is adulterous and it earth-closet be sexual, but often times it is non. Even if sex is not a intermit of the romance, there is an extreme amount of sexual tension between the two lovers. If the affair was not adulterous, indeed at least single and only(a) of the lovers was attached to some whizz else in some way.It could be that one were betrothed or promised by a parent to another. It could, in some cases, be considered adulterous if one of the lovers has promised their lives to a higher calling, as to the church, the military, or to service in some way to his/her country. The fact that noble love was forbidden made the tension more intense and so was the attraction. there is something in astute that a person cannot have another that makes it that untold more excitable. Therefore the lust and longing was much greater. Troilus and Criseyde do not fit courtly love in that respect.They are not promised to anyone else, however, because of the Trojan War, it was knockout for them to have a proper romance. Criseydes father does crossover to the side of the Greeks against his own count ry of Troy. This leaves Criseyde to be markn as someone who is not loyal to Troy. The son of King Priam, Troilus, would not be a capable lover to one from the family of Calkas. That is the closest that the story of Troilus and Criseyde come to being a forbidden or illicit romance. Early in the story, Troilus is struck by the god of love he pines for Criseyde until he is miserable.Courtly love often makes the two lovers despondent. eyepatch he is pining and singing of his love, Pandarus, a relative of Criseyde, begs him to divulge the consult of the woman who has his heart. Therfore, as freend fullich in me assure, And final cause of wo that ye endure For douteth nothing, myn entencioun Nis nought to yow of reprehencioun, To speke as now, for no beast may bireve A man to love, til that him list to leve. (Chaucer, Book I lines 680-686) Troilus confides in his friend and Pandarus agrees to aide him in a plan to obtain the lady who he loves.This is also a part of courtly love. Many times elaborate plans are conceived in range for one lover to obtain or be able to see the other lover. This has even carried into present day. Many find the planning of the romance more excitable than the romance itself. The third party who is often involved in courtly love in this case is Pandarus. He goes back to Criseyde and reveals the account of Troilus being in love with her. Now, nece myn, the kinges dere sone, The goode, wyse, worthy, fresshe, and free, Which alwey for to do wel is his wone, The noble Troilus, so loveth thee,That, bot ye helpe, it wol his bane be. Lo, here is al, what sholde I more seye? Doth what yow list, to make him live or deye. (Chaucer Book II lines 316-322) He glamorizes so that she leave alone be more intrigued. He also reminds her of her advance in age. He is unstinted of his time and devotion to the affair that will not be his own because he has been unlucky in love and truly wants to see two people have what has eluded him. The third party in courtly love does have pure intentions. Criseyde is reluctant to receive the love of Troilus until she gathers with her female friends.She hears Antigone sing of love and then she sleeps and dreams of a white eagle with whom she exchanges hearts. When she awakes, she knows that this was a sign and that she should receive the advances of Troilus. This is the sign that is common in courtly love. Often higher powers are involved in the relationship and they do send signs to either one or both of the lovers. In the case of these lovers, it is Criseyde who has the revelation. Courtly love is often ritualistic. In the case of Troilus and Criseyde, there is very little time for rituals of the heart.Criseyde is on the side of the enemy of Troilus and so the act of gifts, songs, and poems cannot be something that would take long in the case of these lovers. Most of the planning in the case of this romance is on the part of Pandarus instead of Troilus. Pandarus busies himself with delivering letters back and forth between the lovers. Criseyde plays her part of in courtly love in being demur. It is not that she is not interested in Troilus, but she plays hard to get in order to create the sexual tension that is needed to achieve the affect.Not only is Troilus excited, but Pandarus is enjoying himself as well. Courtly love has to be a secret. A few are allowed to know, but only trusted friends or servants are a party to the affair. The love is supposed to be so special and intense that it would be ruined if many knew of it. This is the case with Troilus and Criseyde. Pandarus plans a meeting between the lovers at the house of Deiphebus. Troilus is to pretend to have a fever and go to bed. Criseyde, who will be a guest at the house is to be bought in to his bedchamber. They are both instructed by Pandarus to not tell anyone else.In titering, and pursuite, and delayes, The folk devyne at wagginge of a stree And though ye wolde han after(prenominal) merye dayes, But now to yow, ye lovers that ben here, Was Troilus nought in a kankedort, That lay, and mighte whispringe of hem here, And thoughte, O lord, slump now renneth my sort Fully to dye, or han anoon comfort And was the firste tyme he shulde hir preye Of love O mighty God, what shal he seye? Pandarus brings Criseyde to the bedchamber of Troilus where he declares his intentions to her. By this time there is a lot of sexual tension between the two.This will not be the when they utter(a) their love, but they do agree that they both want the corresponding thing from the other. This is when many more letters are exchanged by the two. They are once again building the tension in each other. Pandarus then invites Criseyde to his plateful for dinner, while Troilus hides and watches the two. Criseyde stays at his home because of the weather, and it is then that he persuades her to see Troilus in the bedchamber. Tension is built again as in any good example of courtly love. Criseyde faints, and Troilus is terrified that she is dead. She is revived and they talk of their love.It is then that they are able to consummate their love. Reson wil not that I speke of sleep, For it accordeth nought to my matere God woot, they toke of that ful litel keep, But lest this night, that was to hem so dere, Ne sholde in veyn neglect in no manere, It was biset in joye and bisinesse Of al that souneth in-to gentilnesse (Chaucer, Book III lines 1408-1414) Criseyde must then go to the Greeks and their king, Diomede. There is always something that will separate lovers in courtly love. Since Criseydes father, Calkas, has joined the Greeks it leaves her no choice.Troilus relents and believes that she will run true to him. For mannes heed imaginen ne can, Ne entendement considere, ne tonge telle The cruel peynes of this sorwful man, That passen every torment doun in helle. For whan he saugh that she ne mighte dwelle, Which that his soule out of his herte rente, Withouten more, out of the chaumbre he wen te. (Chaucer Book IV lines 1695-1701) However Diomede offers her his protection and we automatically see a new romance in the making. Troilus pines the whole time that she is gone. It becomes apparent after much time has passed that she is not going to return.Criseyde is invited to dine with Diomede and this is when he talks to her about love. She readily agrees to stay with the Greeks and become his lover. And after this the story telleth us, That she him yaf the faire baye stede, The which he ones wan of Troilus And eek a broche (and that was litel nede) That Troilus was, she yaf this Diomede. And eek, the bet from sorwe him to releve, She made him were a pencel of hir sleve. (Chaucer, Book V Lines 1037-1043) While this is taking place, Troilus is being warned through bad dreams that all is not well for him and his relationship with Criseyde.When the dream was taken for him, he refuses to accept that she is not to return and has taken a new lover. He writes her many times and her letters are cool. Once he sees Diomede wearing a piece of jewelry that he gave to Criseyde, he knows the truth and he is devastated. Troilus is killed in battle and is then taken to a level of the afterlife where he enjoys great pleasures. God woot, that it a sorwe is unto me And dredelees, for hertes ese of yow, Right fayn wolde I amende it, wiste I how. And fro this world, almighty God I preye, Delivere hir sone I can namore seye. Gret was the sorwe and pleynt of Troilus But forth hir cours fortune ay gan to holde. Criseyde loveth the sone of Tydeus, And Troilus moot wepe in cares colde. Swich is this world who so it can biholde, In ech estat is litel hertes reste God leve us for to take it for the beste (Chaucer, Book V lines 1739-1750) Chaucer makes the point that earthly things are not worth the pain and grief that is given to them. Courtly love is not the kind of love that will last. There is always some fateful event or circumstance that will separate the two lovers.

Dbq on Territorial Expansion

DBQ From 1800-1855 many things contributed to the governments policies towards territorial reserve expansion, the almost important ones being supporters of this behavior change magnitude trade with Asia, and dislike towards Mexico, that helped with the addition of new states. The 1803 lah buy helped start the date of reference of Good Feelings because it mark the beginning of the downfall of the Federalists. The Federalists opposed expansion because they feared that new territories would feed off their New England population and repugn with New England economically.Between 1800 and 1823 the lah Purchase and the Treaty of 1818 boosted home(a) unity. First, the Louisiana Purchase boosted unity because it helped start the Era of Good Feelings. In the time between 1800 and 1850 America experience a difference in national unity. territorial expansion also had a huge resultant role on national unity in this time period. The first debate over the issue of territorial expansion began when molybdenum wanted to occasion the union as a buckle down state.Missouri, which was part of the Louisiana Purchase, which was part of the Northwest ordinance. The Northwest Ordinance stopped slavery in the Northwest Territories. In 1817, when Missouri apply to the Union as a slave state, the issue of anti-slavery vs. pro slavery came up. In 1819, Maine applied to become a free state. A compromise was then reached, so that Maine would encipher as a free state, while Missouri would enter as a slave state, balancing free and slave states. New territories that would enter above the 3630 line had to be free states.Dbq on Territorial ExpansionDBQ From 1800-1855 many things contributed to the governments policies towards territorial expansion, the most important ones being supporters of this behavior increased trade with Asia, and dislike towards Mexico, that helped with the addition of new states. The 1803 Louisiana Purchase helped start the Era of Good Feelings because it marked the beginning of the downfall of the Federalists. The Federalists opposed expansion because they feared that new territories would drain off their New England population and compete with New England economically.Between 1800 and 1823 the Louisiana Purchase and the Treaty of 1818 boosted national unity. First, the Louisiana Purchase boosted unity because it helped start the Era of Good Feelings. In the time between 1800 and 1850 America experienced a difference in national unity. Territorial expansion also had a huge effect on national unity in this time period. The first debate over the issue of territorial expansion began when Missouri wanted to join the union as a slave state.Missouri, which was part of the Louisiana Purchase, which was part of the Northwest Ordinance. The Northwest Ordinance stopped slavery in the Northwest Territories. In 1817, when Missouri applied to the Union as a slave state, the issue of anti-slavery vs. pro slavery came up. In 1819, Maine applied t o become a free state. A compromise was then reached, so that Maine would enter as a free state, while Missouri would enter as a slave state, balancing free and slave states. New territories that would enter above the 3630 line had to be free states.

My Visit to Philadelphia's Museum of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My ensure to Philadelphias Museum of Art - Essay ExampleThe classic architecture of the building made me spellbound. It is a well designed building with huge stone columns and elegantly designed staircase. I must add that visiting this fraud museum was a bearing time experience for me. The museum is systematically organized in various galleries in contrasting directions. The museum holds different major art works unlike other museums which highlights its signifi chiffonierce housing both(prenominal) of the magnificent artworks by known artists such as Claude Mont, Edouard Manet, Renoir, Cassat and many more. The art collections of these mastered painters are housed in the aim of European Art 1850-1900. Therefore, the art museum of Philadelphia is basically known for housing some of the best impressionist collection. atomic number 53 fine piece of work that captured by attention is an artwork by Edgar Degas which is known as The Ballet Class. Edgar has represented the life of Ballet dancers behind the class in a very communicatory way. The Ballet dancers are depicted in every phase of their lives somewhere he has shown a fair sex waiting impatiently and ballerinas performing. This artwork grabs the attention of the viewers for being close to the difficult real life experiences that ballet dancers are usually faced with in their dancing lives. In other words we can say that this represents the true picture of real life difficulties in ones life. However, it is one of my darling piece of artwork.After carefully examining the impression collection I moved to modern gallery which has some of the very fine collections by the modern painters such as Pollack, Motherwell, Rothko and so on. It was worth examining the artwork by Cy Twomby. We cannot ignore the fact the modern art studies is incomplete without discussing the Cy Twomblys famous ten-work series which holds a enormous importance in shaping the modern art. Twombly has best represented the battle be tween the Greeks and the Trojans in its